A virus is a microscopic organism that can cause a wide range of diseases in humans and animals. These infectious agents consist of genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, enclosed in a protein coat. They can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria.
There are eight human herpes viruses that can cause infections in humans. Herpes simplex 1 (HSV 1) and herpes simplex 2 (HSV 2) are the two most well-known types of herpes viruses. HSV 1 typically causes oral herpes, which is characterized by cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth, including the lips, gums, tongue, roof, inner cheeks, and even on the face.
HSV-1 can also spread to the genital area through oral sex.
On the other hand, HSV 2 tends to cause genital herpes. Many people with HSV-2 don’t know they have it because they don’t experience any symptoms. When an outbreak does occur, itchy or painful sores develop around the area of the body where the virus was transmitted. They can appear on the vagina, vulva, cervix, penis, anus, butt, or inside thighs. These sores typically take a week or so to heal.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common herpes virus that can cause serious complications in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV or undergoing chemotherapy. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles, both of which are characterized by itchy rashes. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis, also known as "mono" or "the kissing disease."" It is estimated nine out of ten people get EBV at some point in their lives, many without knowing it.
Human herpes virus 6 (HHV 6) and human herpes virus 7 (HHV 7) are less common types of herpes viruses that can cause roseola, a viral illness that affects young children. Lastly, human herpes virus 8 (HHV 8) can lead to Kaposi's sarcoma, a type of cancer that affects the skin and internal organs in people with weakened immune systems.
In conclusion, understanding what a virus is and the different types of herpes viruses that exist can help people take preventative measures to avoid infection. While HSV 1 and HSV 2 are the most well-known types of herpes viruses, being informed about the other types of herpes viruses is equally important for maintaining good health.
